The end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century is a period of national and cultural revival of the Polish-Lithuanian Tatars, which coincided with the growth of national consciousness of the Muslim peoples of the Russian Empire. Groups of young Tatar intellectuals appeared in St. Petersburg, Vilno (Vilnius), Warsaw and other cities, where the Polish-language Tatar press flourished during the period of the Polish Republic (1918-1939). Magazines and almanacs were published, such as «Rocznik Tatarski» («Tatar Yearbook»), «Przegląd Islamski», («Islamic Review») and «Życie Tatarskie» («Tatar Life»).
